How does term accountability from a legal viewpoint impact higher Research Paper

How does terminal accountability from a legal viewpoint impact higher rearing - Research Paper ExampleBecause the legislators be mandating these measures, and, as such, has the federal agency for enforcing the measure, this would be considered to be legal accountability. This is in contrast to constitutional accountability, which means that the higher education institutions ar not only accountable to the legislature and courts but also to myriad stakeholders who enforce accountability. The constitution bothy accountable higher education institutions tend to hurt more autonomy from state legislatures than the legally accountable institutions. This paper will focus mainly on the legal aspects of accountability, and how this impacts higher education. 2. What is accountability? To understand how accountability occurs, in general, in a higher education setting, first the standard definition must be examined. According to Burke (2005), accountability is an obligation or willingnes s to accept responsibility or to account for ones actions (Burke, 2005, p. 2). Burke also said that the term accountability places six different demands on the higher education institution. The first demand is that the institution batch show that their powers were properly used. The second demand is that the institution can show that it is working to achieve the priorities that are set by the organization. The third demand involves transparency, in that the institution must report on its performance. The quaternary demand involves efficiency and effectiveness, in that the organization must demonstrate that they can account for the resources that they use and the outcomes that they create. Fifth, the university must account for the quality of the programs and services that it produces. Sixth, and last, the university must demonstrate that it caters to the public needs (Burke, 2005, p. 2). So, generally, a university is held accountable by being transparent with its mission, goals a nd effectiveness, and must answer to a variety of stakeholders, including the public and the student body. Similarly, Leveille (2005) states that accountability has three prongs. The first is performance. This simply means results, with absolute performance as a benchmark for accountability. The second is transparency. For Leveille, this means that the public is made aware of the university and college performances, and the way that these institutions do business is similarly subject to public scrutiny. This enables attain stakeholders to ascertain how well a certain institution of higher education is doing, and how their business is conducted. The third prong of accountability, correspond to Leveille, is culture of evidence. This simply means that the higher education institutions consider routine evidence at all levels when contemplating and planning action. Thus, the culture of evidence prong is satisfied when an university uses its accountability practices to learn about itse lf, its strengths and weaknesses, and uses this knowledge to improve itself and its operations, winning its mission and stakeholder values into account (Leveille, 2005, pp. 9-10). 3. The concept of legal accountability Mortimer (1972) states that there should be a movie between legal accountability and constitutional accountability. Legal accountability means that accountability is enforced done legal means the courts and disciplinary control of departments. On the other hand, constitutional accountability means that universities and colleges are not necessarily only beholden